Istraživanje stanja motornih vozila u BiH pokazalo je povećano prisustvo zagađujućih komponenti u izduvnim gasovima za 20-50 %, zavisno od pojedinog zagađivača, u odnosu na razvijene zemlje EU. Razlozi za ovakvo stanje su: starost cestovnih vozila sa zastarjelim tehničkim rješenjima motora sus, loš kvalitet goriva, neadekvatno održavanje i eksploatacija vozila. Detaljnom analizom uzroka prethodnog stanja, došlo se do uticajnih elemenata koji u velikoj mjeri mogu poboljšati ekološku sliku od cestovnih vozila. Tu su u prvom planu: nova tehnička rješenja (primjena savremenih sistema ubrizgavanja, primjena elektronike, itd.) i primjena tzv. čistih (alternativnih) goriva. Posebno je istražen odabir optimalnog alternativnog goriva za različite skupine cestovnih vozila i njegov ekonomski i ekološki aspekt u prometu. Prethodna istraživanja su, pored opšte slike cestovnog prometa, poseban akcent stavila na urbane sredine, sa velikim brojem vozila. |
Investigations of motor vehicle state in Bosnia and Herzegovina was shown a greater presents of pollutants emissions for 20-50 percents in exhaust gases, depending of pollutant type, in relation to developed countries of EU. Reasons for this stat are: ageing of road vehicles with old technical solutions of the IC engines, lower fuel quality, no adequate marinating and vehicle exploitations. Detailed analvsis of reasons for this state guided to important factors that can improve ecologv state from road vehicles. There are tvvo factors for this plan: new technical solutions (application of modern fuel injection svstems, using electronics, etc.) and application of so called clean (alternative) fuels. A special attention was dedicated to selection of optimal alternative fuels for different tvpes of road vehicles as vvell as its economical and ecological aspect in the traffic. Beside general review of road traffic, conducted researching was dealing with urban areas, especiallv with great number of motor vehicles. |